Znaczące zmiany wprowadzone w każdej wersji Pythona 3
hejto.plKażda z wersji Pythona wprowadzała wiele zmian i ulepszeń - poniżej subiektywnie selektywna lista najważniejszych zmian wprowadzonych do każdej większej wersji Pythona 3:
Python 3.0 (2008-12-03):
Python 3.1 (2009-06-26):
Python 3.2 (2011-02-20)
Python 3.3 (2012-09-29)
Python 3.4 (2014-03-17)
Python 3.5 (2015-09-13)
Python 3.6 (2016-12-23)
Python 3.7 (2018-06-27)
Python 3.8 (2019-10-14)
Python 3.9 (2020-10-05)
Python 3.10 (2021-10-04)
Python 3.11 (2022-10-03)
#technologia #programowanie #python
Python 3.0 (2008-12-03):
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print statement replaced with a print() function
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dict.iterkeys(), dict.iteritems(), and dict.itervalues() removed
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Python 2’s xrange() is Python 3’s range(); Python 2’s range() is no more
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Python 2’s str is Python 3’s bytes; Python 2’s unicode is Python 3’s str
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The default Python source encoding is now UTF-8
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urllib2 module split into urllib.request and urllib.error modules
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urlparse module renamed to urllib.parse
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urllib module split into urllib.parse, urllib.request, and urllib.error modules
Python 3.1 (2009-06-26):
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The fields in strings formatted with str.format() can now omit numbering in order to be automatically numbered, as in 'Sir {} of {}'.format('Gallahad', 'Camelot')
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round(x, n) now returns an integer if x is an integer
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collections module: Counter and OrderedDict added
Python 3.2 (2011-02-20)
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New modules: argparse, concurrent.futures, html, and sysconfig
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.pyc files are now stored in __pycache__/ directories
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datetime module: timezone added
Python 3.3 (2012-09-29)
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New modules: faulthandler, ipaddress, lzma, unittest.mock, and venv
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Support for implicit namespace packages (directories without an __init__.py) added
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datetime module: New datetime methods: timestamp(), strftime(), and astimezone()
Python 3.4 (2014-03-17)
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New modules: asyncio, ensurepip, enum, pathlib, selectors, statistics, and tracemalloc
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http.server command-line interface: --bind option added
Python 3.5 (2015-09-13)
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Coroutine functions (async def), awaitable objects (await and __await__()), asynchronous iteration (async for, __aiter__(), and __anext__()), and asynchronous context managers (async with, __aenter__(), and __aexit__()) added
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Multiple * and/or ** unpackings can now be used in a single function call
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New modules: typing and zipapp
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Various additions & improvements to the asyncio module
Python 3.6 (2016-12-23)
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Formatted string literals (“f-strings”)
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Variables can now be annotated by following the name of the variable with a colon and the annotation
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Underscores can now be used in numeric literals
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await and yield can now be used in the same function, thereby enabling asynchronous generators
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async for can now be used in list, set, & dict comprehensions and in generator expressions
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await expressions can now be used in any comprehension
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**kwargs now preserves insertion order
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dicts are now implemented in such a way that they preserve insertion order
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Various additions & improvements to the asyncio module
Python 3.7 (2018-06-27)
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dicts are now guaranteed to preserve insertion order
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async and await are now reserved keywords
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New modules: contextvars, dataclasses, importlib.resources
Python 3.8 (2019-10-14)
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Assignment expressions: := (the “walrus operator”) can now be used to assign a value to a variable in the middle of an expression
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Function parameters can now be made positional-only by placing a / after them in the argument list
Python 3.9 (2020-10-05)
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dicts can now be merged & updated using the | and |= operators
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New modules: graphlib and zoneinfo
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asyncio module: to_thread() added
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Removed: asyncio.Task.current_task() and asyncio.Task.all_tasks() (deprecated since Python 3.7); use asyncio.current_task() and asyncio.all_tasks() instead
Python 3.10 (2021-10-04)
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Pattern matching with match/case syntax
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Common syntax errors now have better error messages
Python 3.11 (2022-10-03)
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Exception groups
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Traceback messages now highlight the exact expression that caused the error
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New modules: tomllib and wsgiref.types
#technologia #programowanie #python
